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NASA

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back in the early days the Space Age was

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new and the race to get there drove NASA

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forward working on the edge of the

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unknown forced the young agency to

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innovate and take risks there was a

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can-do spirit free discussion of new

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ideas teamwork a shared vision and

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commitment to get the job done there

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were setbacks and criticism but the

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national priority was clear NASA was

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demonstrating the technological

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competence of a free nation to the world

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and the American people were squarely

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resources were plentiful the economy was

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booming American companies led the world

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in exports of manufactured goods made in

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America was the mark of excellence he

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gave managers certain ways to do things

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and gave him authority and money to do

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stuff right there on the spot we had

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groups of small teams that went around

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and attacked problems just working night

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and day to make this happen everybody

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cooperated resources were there many of

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the things we were doing with first time

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everybody was sort of learning how do

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you do this and so and it was just an

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awesome feeling it was just that

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exciting we worked almost like children

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play they actually go out and play until

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they're tired and somebody has to call

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them in and make them eat and go to bed

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we just did it for the sheer love of the

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of the adventure in the excitement and

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the challenge that lay ahead of us the

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spirit of the right stuff came to infuse

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America during those 10 years the NASA

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for technical brilliance and managerial

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excellence grew with every first in

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every person over the age of 30 still

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remembers where they were that day as

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everyone held their breath waiting for

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that touchdown on the sea of time

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finding Trudeau planting over three feet

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unam down take that out forward people

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people all over the world went outside

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that night and looked up at the familiar

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old moon in a new way because for the

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first time in history somebody was

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at that brief moment in time NASA took

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its place at the pinnacle of human

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achievement with its can-do spirit and a

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reputation for doing the impossible NASA

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saw galaxies of opportunity on the

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horizon and went seeking new worlds to

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for a time there seemed no limit to what

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NASA could do with hardware leftover

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from Apollo NASA created the first

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orbiting workshop Skylab during three

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missions crews conducted more than 250

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experiments using the largest collection

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of scientific hardware ever flown in

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skylab astronauts were the first to

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spend three months living and working in

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july 1976 nasa's present to america on

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its 200th birthday Viking the first

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spacecraft to soft land on another

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planet its mission to sample the Martian

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soil search for life monitor the weather

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and give the world a close-up look at

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the red planet Voyager a grand tour of

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the outer solar system two spacecraft

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made the twelve year for billion-mile

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journey to send back detailed images

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Jupiter's turbulent ammonia clowns the

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frozen rings of Saturn the icy beauty of

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Uranus and the fierce methane winds and

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mysterious dark spot of Neptune Voyager

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will be regarded as the quintessential

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mission of exploration there has been no

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other mission which has explored so many

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new worlds only Voyager has had the

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opportunity of visiting in sequence for

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giant planets with literally dozens of

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new worlds in orbit around them NASA's

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cosmic background Explorer a small

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satellite straining to receive the faint

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whispers of a cosmic explosion that gave

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birth to the universe 15 billion years

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ago while the radiation that we're

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looking at has come to us from 300,000

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years after the Big Bang the structures

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that we are seeing in that radiation are

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much much older and they were created in

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the first billionth of a second and

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probably even earlier after the Big Bang

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this is like the Golden Age of cosmology

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we're really making a breakthrough here

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NASA's post Apollo successes were

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brilliant and path-breaking

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but at some point on the way back from

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the moon the national spotlight shifted

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the young agency that had met John

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Kennedy's deadline and been too busy to

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bother with bureaucracy suddenly was

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left without the national mandate and

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nasa proposed a fully reusable shuttle

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providing low-cost access to space with

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launches every one to two weeks the

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shuttle was part of a larger vision

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including a space station leading to

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further human exploration of the solar

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system an imperfect compromise NASA

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ended up with a partially reusable

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shuttle but without its primary

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destination space station the shuttle

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was a technological success but with

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what impact on the rest of NASA's

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program shuttle development was

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underfunded its schedule slipped causing

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everything else to sleep cost overruns

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became commonplace Congress grew

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concerned paperwork requirements

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mushroomed our 1967 budget document

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consisted of four pages we keep it in

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the display case to show visitors since

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it is such a rarity these are the Dryden

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responses to the 24 requests for

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information levied on us by headquarters

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the OMB and Congress NASA projects take

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too long but didn't always take two

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missions in pursuit of Venus Mariner 10

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recommended launched

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similarly geo tubes funded in 1973

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flying only five years later this

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high-resolution x-ray astronomy mission

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NASA immediately proposed the follow-on

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mission acts F but today despite

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breaking acts F into two smaller

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missions the first launch appears not

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likely any earlier than 1998 nearly two

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decades after the mission was first

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proposed to replace an aging us weather

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satellite goes next the first of the new

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generation of weather satellites

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intended for launch in 1989 a

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technological marvel

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a federal fumble leaving the nation

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suspicious that the NASA NOAA team can't

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deliver what it promises in the face of

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this long long history of 500 million

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dollar overruns 33 years of delay

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awesome problems of quality control I

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see very little in the in the history

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that would justify this Congress for

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taking yet another chance on you you

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know we can't do that three strikes is

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out in baseball and out of how many

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strikes you've had yet you've had a lot

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more than three going back a number of

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years business as usual NASA management

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focuses on technical performance but

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with schedule slips technical fixes and

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new requirements a typical program costs

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seventy-five percent over the original

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estimate

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still all these problems were bubbling

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under the surface invisible to the

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American payloads backed up for 30

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then in nineteen ninety NASA's crown

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jewel the Hubble Space Telescope

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captured the world's imagination but the

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euphoria was short-lived the final straw

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fuel leaks ground in the shuttle fleet

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NASA America's symbol of excellence the

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agency that won the race to the moon

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couldn't even get off the ground despite

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NASA's problems the agency's budget grew

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the possibilities seemed endless NASA

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dreamt of an aerospace plane a new

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national launch system are returned to

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the moon and a voyage to Mars but the

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pieces didn't fit together it was a

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program without a unifying vision

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and what of the budget februari 1991

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NASA estimates its 1993 budget at over

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17 billion dollars to include space

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exploration would take even more fall

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1991 after deliberating NASA submits a

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budget of 16 billion to the office of

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management and budget

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more negotiations cut the budget further

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to 15 billion finally the Congressional

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process set the budget at fourteen point

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three billion dollars the biggest

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portion for the shuttle flying eight

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missions a year then Space Station a

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30-year commitment and the rest for

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mission to Planet Earth access Cassini

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other science missions and Aeronautics

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will there ever be a budget with room

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for anything new

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this budget puts more on NASA's plate

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than the nation can afford the

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administration is proposing what I'd

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call a Buck Rogers budget for NASA it's

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long on fantasy and it's short on

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reality and congressional criticism

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isn't limited to NASA's programs and

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budget together we beg plead and

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implored them to be fair and equitable

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now hiring and promotion minorities

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women an agency that uses taxpayer funds

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federal dollars NASA from the top down

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as few minorities and meaningful policy

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positions anywhere in ages aspire I urge

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support for the past two decades NASA's

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promises have exceeded its budget and

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its performance hasn't met the country's

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expectations there are some who would

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but NASA knows how to rise to challenges

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to make the space program an essential

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thread in the fabric of American life to

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give the American people more than they

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expect as a return on their investment

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NASA is unique because it alone can use

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the magic and resources of space the

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infinite frontier to produce a steady

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stream of scientific discoveries and

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technological innovations to benefit all

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maitreya drone NASA's future it begins

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with Aeronautics working with American

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industry to make possible the next

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improvements in speed safety economy and

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Environmental Protection helping America

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regain a growing market share in

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NASA will team with the Defense

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Department and Industry to revitalize

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America's launchers with a new fleet of

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small efficient affordable launchers

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that will transport payloads into space

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and an unprecedented pace and heavy lift

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launchers that will carry spacefarers

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back to the moon and on into space in

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Earth orbit an armada of small and

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middle sized satellites will measure the

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world's oceans atmosphere and lands to

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learn how they interact with each other

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and with human activities NASA will lead

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what may be the greatest scientific

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achievement of the 20th century

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completing the Great observatories with

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the space infrared telescope facility

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and back to the moon small precursor

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missions blazed the trail these missions

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rely on advanced technologies

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technologies that move quickly into the

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then men and women back to stay

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using what we learn about living and

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working in space aboard Space Station

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freedom humans will be ready to build an

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outpost on the moon a laboratory key to

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understanding how to colonize the solar

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astronauts will construct high-powered

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telescopes strong enough to search

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nearby stars for planets by building

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smaller lighter spacecraft NASA will

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revitalize planetary exploration sending

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Outlanders Rovers and sample return

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spacecraft that explore every major body

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in the solar system including comets and

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this new knowledge about the solar

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system the runaway greenhouse of Venus

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the record of the sun's radiation that's

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been written into the moon surface for

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millions of years will provide insights

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into the most important place in the

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there's no doubt in my mind at NASA has

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been and continues to be the world

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leader when it comes to peaceful space

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exploration what I would like to see a

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NASA not only being the best of

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everything in terms of our space

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missions but in terms of how we do

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everything we're the best in the world

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and we've done great things and will

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continue to do unique and really

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inspiring things we are a visionary

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agency that we are in an RD world which

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explores which looks at the unknown

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there are no guarantees we see it

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shuttle liftoff and there's a sense of

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pride within NASA

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I carpool with some people from the USDA

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and I tease them alive is that you know

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do you get that sense of pride when you

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see USDA's left on that side of beef in

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the future as spacefaring Nations become

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more mature those that outside of Russia

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that will have more of the sharing role

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as we work together in 30 years NASA

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will be as it as it is today responsible

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for those things which make this country

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of civilized nation

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those are exploration and discovery and

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knowledge my vision for NASA would not

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only be that it be a technological and

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science innovator

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but also an agency that is view as one

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of the most prestigious and cultural

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diverse agencies when you look at me

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you're looking at the face of the future

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I mean women and minorities are going to

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be an important part of what NASA does

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in the future

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and I would love to be able to say I

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work for an organization that did

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something great for Humanity we impacted

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humanity we did something to to improve

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our life don't find it off there is a

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plaque displayed in the office of the

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NASA Administrator it represents the

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challenge that awaits the generation who

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will come and pick up the torch

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the plaque has been gathering dust long

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enough a new millennium awaits it's time